Friday, February 23, 2007

How Often Does A Chp Show Up



An essay on the mill of refinement, can we take off?
Most of the improvements would be beneficial for a society desperate for cures or treatments that benefit the population identified as sick or disabled. " Some few of these improvements are developed for particular populations 'healthy', who have specialized requirements, such as soldiers in combat. Although improvements are intended ostensibly limited consumption, the trend is that its use will increase dramatically after its introduction, and soon goes beyond the population that justified in the first instance, their development.

When this happens, there are consequences that actually exist that the company had not fully anticipated. For example, human growth hormone, genetically engineered, won approval from the FDA in 1985 to address the "dwarf"-a condition characterized by abnormally short stature often caused by a genetic mutation espontánea.57 Today , human growth hormone is prescribed (and the FDA approved) for healthy children whose parents are deemed to small. His children, say the experts, suffering from "idiopathic short stature", which means that no signs of disease are simply unacceptably short stature. Growth hormone are now more widely athletes seeking a refinement of their performance. Growth hormone is promoted strongly arguing that it is fighting properties envejecimiento.58 "Treatment" is not cheap, growth hormone can cost $ 20 000 per year and is prescribed often for four or five years. 59 It is estimated that the global market will reach U.S. $ 2 billion anuales.60


is problematic expand the use of growth hormone among healthy populations. Says Dr. Michael FreeMarker in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, "The term 'idiopathic short stature" with the implication of disease [but] the main problem of short stature is the susceptibility to discrimination. But discrimination is a "disease" of society, not the individual child. In theory, social intolerance must be addressed through the enactment and entry into effect of anti-discrimination laws, through re-educate the public and by consulting with the family, not by medication of the child ".61 FreeMarker

goes further and shows that the introduction of improvements may alter the social perception of what is abnormal and / or acceptable. And he says: "In the absence of disease, there is no reason to define a treatment threshold. For example, how to justify the treatment of a child whose growth horizon is of 1.60 meters, and not that of another child whose maximum height of 1.61? The most serious is that the use of GH [growth hormone] in very short children can create an endless cycle of new setbacks, the increases in the high end of very short stature children involve the reclassification of many children previously normal (low stature but high horizons that exceed these thresholds), which will be labeled as "idiopathic low." This may be a circumstance in which the treatment of a group of children create a state of "illness" in a group previously "healthy". " [Emphasis added.]
Unfortunately, growth hormone is not the only case in which technology performance improvements, when administered in the absence of disease, create a population "affected" was once considered healthy. Consider the following examples:
* Gene Therapy * Update height

memory * Improved visual cognitive Implant
* * Extension of the horizon of life
* Insert gene happiness charm
* Training in partnership * Implant gene for the assessment of broccoli
* transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS its acronym in English): This is a procedure that stimulates areas of the brain from the outside, through the use of an electromagnetic field. The TMS can help reveal the roles of active parts (or off) of the brain, but is considered as a potential treatment for brain disorders, including Parkinson's disease or depression.
Use magnetic fields to stimulate (or off) different parts of the brain has led investigators to discover that the "normal" people can dramatically increase your brain power 25. A recent study conducted by Professor Allan Snyder at the Centre for the Mind, a joint venture between the Australian National University and the University of Sydney showed that transcranial magnetic stimulation of left temporal lobe improve the ability of participants to guess the number elements that were shown on a computer screen. The ability subsided one hour after the estimulación.62
Is it much so that workers consume brain stimulation instead of coffee on their breaks? Is something considered brain stimulation needed to maintain a competitive edge in the job? How much brain expansion is enough? * Treatment of sleep deprivation: They are not intended to help those suffering from insomnia and other sleep disorders. In fact, they are designed to make it sustainable deprivation. The U.S. military at the forefront of research on sleep deprivation and already funded dozens of projects, including studies on the potential use of TMS to reduce the need for DARPA

dormir.63 [abbreviation in English of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency], the U.S. government agency dedicated to advanced research projects on defense, explains his particular interest to make possible sleep deprivation: The success of military operations "depends on the ability of the fighter to operate for long periods of time without adequate sleep" .64
Along with the TMS, is converted sleep deprivation in lifestyle for those seeking a competitive advantage and can afford treatment or medication? And the workers, such as bus drivers, will they be forced to undergo "therapy" of sleep deprivation in order to stay tuned for more hours? What are the social (and health) of an army of "undead" private company or a perennially sleep?
* Laser Eye Surgery: In some cases, it is now possible to restore the perfect 20-20 poor vision through corrective surgery. Millions of surgeries are performed every year (for 2005 were calculated as 1.6 million U.S. only) .65 And the number of surgeries is growing, and is expected to continue increasing. Since that most people do not feel that prescription glasses are an "upgrade" option, should we consider the potential social impacts of generalized perfect vision (or vision beyond perfect)?
The New York Times recently noted that in the past five years, the U.S. Naval Academy has provided corrective eye surgery, free of charge, to all midshipmen (the eye can benefit from it) .66 Less than 30 percent of the class of 2006 refused to undergo surgery (the number of denials is shrinking every year.) An unintended consequence is that referred to the Naval Academy could not meet its share of submarine officers in any of these five years.
Traditionally, submarines are the second most promising option for those items that do not have perfect vision. Aviation-first choice for naval officers, and requiring perfect vision, "is now the most viable option for most. As these and other improvements more extreme become popular among the general population, social turns what can we expect? How will we deal with these impacts had not anticipated?


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Congrats On New Mother






BANG: What does nano convergence. Will it lead that humans best? 101



Some of us are used to take pictures, send to a friend, search the Google-all on our cell phones, or phones. But this ethos "all-in-one" goes beyond the field of communications and information technology. At least five years ago we heard that there are plans to retrofit high-level practice of science and technology through technological convergence, and it will be possible by nanotech advances. The ultimate goal is to intervene in all macro-level phenomena including social, biological and environmental-control to achieve nanoscale phenomena.
The search for a "core technology" that gives humans control over nature is not new. Its roots go back at least to the New Atlantis, Francis Bacon (published in 1627), 102 in which he describes a utopia on a fantastic island, Bensalem, where possible, for example "do for art ... trees and flowers that are up or slow down their own stations, and emerging and mature more quickly ... giving larger and sweeter fruits, or a different flavor, color, odor and figure ... and make various plants
rise in soil mixtures seeded ... and have a tree or other plant to become ".103
technological resources to appear the flora and fauna of Bensalem are not random or unpredictable but controlled (" none of this happens by accident, but we know in advance what material or mixture, what kind of creatures emerge ") .104 In language that will sound familiar to readers of the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF for its acronym in English), the ultimate goal of Utopia "the knowledge of the causes ... and widening the boundaries of human empire, to make all things possible ".105
Compare, For example, the utopian vision of technological convergence that drives the NSF, nearly four centuries later: "envision the bond of humanity driven by a virtual brain that interconnects the communities of the land in search of intellectual understanding and conquest of nature ".106

The current version of utopia that offers us the support technological convergence with enthusiasm, and support it with a lot of money, governments and industry worldwide. In the U.S., the convergence is commonly referred to as NBIC (acronym derived from the technologies involved: nanotechnology, biotechnology, IT and science cognitive) .107 In Europe, the vision of convergence is known as CTEKS (acronym in English of the "convergence of technologies for the sake of knowledge of European society.")


Nanotechnology-controlling matter through manipulation of atoms, "Biotechnology can converge with life-controlling, manipulating genes, they may converge with computer-controlling through manipulation of data bits," can converge with Cognitive and Neurological Science, which controls the mind manipulating neurons.

"human life expectancy was of only 37 in 1800. Our ability to reschedule this expectation iology dramatically increase once again. But the progress will be much faster. In 15 years we will be adding a year annually for life expectancy. My advice: take care themselves to the old *, for a time, and may perhaps fully experience the wonderful next century. "Ray Kurzweil," reprogramming Biology, Scientific American, July 2006.

(* The health maintenance regimen of Kurzweil is far from being "old." He writes that he takes 250 supplements a day therapeutic injections applied every week is taken, routine blood samples, hair and saliva to monitor their body's levels of nutrients, hormones and collateral metabólicos.1)
In Canada this convergence is called systemic bio-synthesis [BioSystemics Synthesis] .108 Without necessarily share the enthusiasm of the government, civil society arrived in his own name for the convergence of technologies and known as BANG-Bits, Atoms, Neurons, Genes, which are the operational units "NBIC technologies ".109 One of the theoretical claims of this convergence is that it could develop a treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Suppose we discover, after digging through mountains of data, a natural compound that exists in very small quantities in the Amazon can indeed be effective in curing certain neurological disorders. That using recombinant DNA technology, researchers can produce the compound in large quantities. Nanoscale devices that allow the drug (free and produced using information technology and biotech) can be supplied to the damaged neurons in the brain.
Although not all convergence products will require all components of BANG, almost all use one or more technologies enabled or refined through nanotechnology. Other examples of this convergence is the implantation of nanoscale materials to replace bone damaged by arthritis, manipulating the neurons to be able to control the movements of a computer cursor, the cognition install devices that increase the capacity of our brains store and use information.
A pilot project report forecasting science and technology [Science & Technology Foresight Pilot Project], sponsored by the National Research Council of Canada [Canada's National Rsearch Council], identified five characteristics that make BANG technologies particularly consistent in their logic: they are convergent (which means they can be combined with each other but also can be applied across many industries and research disciplines) are fundamental and replicative ("each of these technologies have some ability to reproduce themselves), 110 distributed (because individuals can use them) and are of public interest (which means that all of them "involve many promises, but at the same time can be very disruptive.")

Since the U.S. government-and subsequently the governments of Europe and Canada, considered BANG from point of view of "refined human performance", become crucial debates about the ethical, social and economic human performance refinement and extension of life expectancy.


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Best Stretch Mark Cream For Pregnant Women



Health in the Millennium Development Goals


Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
(Goal 2) Between 1990 and 2015 to reduce by half the proportion of hungry people.
Goal 4: Reduce child mortality

(Goal 5) Between 1990 and 2015 to reduce by two thirds the mortality rate of children under five years.



Goal 5: Improve maternal health

(Goal 6): Between 1990 and 2015 to reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio.
Goal 6: Combat HIV / AIDS, malaria and other diseases (Goal 7) By 2015 have ended and begun to reverse the spread of HIV / AIDS.
(Goal 8) By 2015 have ended and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.

Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
(Goal 10) By 2015, reduce the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe water and safe sanitation. (Target 11) Have achieved by 2020 a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers.

Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
(Meta 17) In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to essential medicines affordable in developing countries.

Adapted from http://www.who.int/mdg/goals/en/
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